Migraine - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Methods

Most often, a migraine is a painful headache and poor general well-being. For the disease characterized by various neurological disorders:

  • intolerance to strong noise;
  • vomiting;
  • or nausea.

It is almost impossible to completely get rid of migraine symptoms, but they can be made less pronounced. Treatment also helps to improve well-being and reduce pain in the skull.

 Migraine Treatment

Migraine is a chronic disease with bouts of exacerbation. With the disease there is pain in the orbital-temporal region. Intense headache has periodic repetitions and is accompanied by general weakness and drowsiness. Patients suffer from phono and photophobia - they cannot tolerate loud sounds and light. The disease is complicated by psychological problems - patients are in constant fear that they will be overtaken by a migraine attack.It is noticed that the development of migraine can be triggered by the genetic characteristics of the body and heredity.

Causes of migraine

The disease is quite common, as shown by medical practice. According to current medical statistics, about 14% of the world's population suffers from migraines. Migraine attack at least once disturbed about 80% of people. Most often, women suffer from headaches. Doctors claim that pregnancy and hormonal changes in the body affect the occurrence of seizures. With the onset of menopause, many women migraines disappear.

Someone seizures occur more often, others less. Migraine development is purely individual. The mechanism of the development of the disease is a strong spasm of blood vessels. When it enters the bloodstream a large number of neuropeptides. Substances in conjunction with serotonin cause stretching of the vascular walls. There is severe pain in the frontal part and temples.

The main causes of migraine are:

  • trigeminal nerve pathology;
  • genetic predisposition;
  • instability of the emotional background;
  • severe stress;
  • change of weather conditions;
  • improper diet;
  • the presence of chronic diseases.

Migraine can cause eating citrus fruits, foods high in sodium glutamate, chocolate, and caffeine. The feeling of hunger, as practice shows, also provokes the appearance of a headache. Do not make a big break between snacks, so as not to catch the attack.

In women, some hormonal pills can cause pain in the head, as well as the presence of menstruation. PMS is often the main cause of female migraine.

Especially often headache occurs in individuals who are prone to melancholy and have a low resistance to stress. To overcome a migraine, you should stabilize your emotional background and be mentally stable person. Headache often occurs on the background of various neurological disorders, neurosis, and depression.

Symptoms of an attack

Usually a migraine is preceded by a certain condition. Bad health is expressed in the flashing of flies before his eyes, the appearance of flashes of lightning.Sometimes there is visual hallucination or vision is lost. There comes the general weakness of the body, feeling of chills, chills, problems with speech. From vegetative symptoms are observed:

  • heart palpitations;
  • dizziness;
  • flies in the eyes;
  • noise in ears;
  • sweating;
  • respiratory failure;
  • tingling or burning in the limbs.

This condition in medicine is called "aura". Similar health problems are further accompanied by a severe headache. The attack itself takes place in several stages. Initially, the prodromal stage develops, after which an aura occurs, which is accompanied by a headache.

The prodromal stage of migraine may begin to develop a day before the acute headache. It also includes drowsiness, disability, fatigue, changes in the thinking process, the occurrence of dizziness. All these neurological features indicate problems in the work of the vessels. Symptoms are non-specific, so they are difficult to associate with an approaching migraine. However, if the aura is repeated several times and is accompanied by pain in the temporal part of the skull, then you should think about the approach of an attack.

Pain during a migraine can change its location. For the disease is characterized by pulsating excruciating pain. It can begin in one temple and flop over the forehead. Over time, the pain increases.

The main manifestation of the disease is the inability of the patient to carry high loud sounds and bright light. They further increase the pain in the skull and provoke a deterioration in health. Painful sensations are often accompanied by dryness in the mouth, chills, fever, and urination. In some cases, the patient may faint or experience a faint state. Health problems bring a lot of discomfort and discomfort to a person. Headache becomes very painful and can last for about 3 days.

Headache may also be accompanied by digestive disorders and abnormal stools. Even after an attack, the body needs a lot of time to restore its functions and strength. Migraine is not only painful, but also has a very adverse effect on all human systems.

First aid for migraine attacks

When a headache begins to develop and there is a weakness, you should comfortably sit in an easy comfortable chair, relax and perform a light massage of the head. Massage the forehead, temples, neck, neck. It is required to put an ice bubble on the skull. The cold will help narrow the dilated vessels. A crumpled cabbage leaf is placed on the problem area. His juice will help relieve pain. You also need to drink sweet strong tea or coffee.

 First aid for migraine attacks

The above method is fairly safe and can be used to eliminate migraines, even during pregnancy. It is useful to learn any effective technique of complete relaxation and to use relaxation during an attack. In a critical situation and not passing pain, you should take a pill for a headache. During pregnancy, you can use Paracetamol, which is non-toxic.

Physiotherapy treatments

There are various approaches to the treatment of headache. Non-drug treatment includes:

  • physiotherapy (ultraviolet exposure, diadynamic current, circular shower);
  • laser therapy;
  • psychological training and psychotherapy;
  • massage;
  • correction of power and mode;
  • acupuncture;
  • hirudotherapy;
  • coniferous baths.

Of particular importance in the elimination of migraine attacks physiotherapy. This approach has a beneficial effect on the entire body of the patient. Various methods are based on bioconnection. Physiotherapy helps stabilize the tone of the blood vessels.

Helps to eliminate migraine baths in the form of various baths. Their therapeutic effect is to eliminate spasm of blood vessels, complete relaxation of the body, calming the central nervous system. Baths for migraines should be used for a long time and not to miss the procedure. It is necessary to collect warm water in the bath - 38 degrees. It has a powerful spasmolytic effect. With a strong headache, you can take a bath, wash your head and send a shower stream to your head, massaging it. You can add to the bath:

  • decoction of calamus rhizomes;
  • decoction of cones and branches of pine or cedar;
  • sage;
  • motherwort;
  • nettles;
  • primrose;
  • seaweed;
  • lavender oil;
  • sea ​​salt.

To prepare a bath, it is required to prepare a decoction in advance. Raw materials must be crushed and brewed with boiling water, let it brew, and then pour it into a bath with warm water.Take the water procedure takes about fifteen minutes with complete relaxation of the muscles.

Massage and self-massage is another way to get rid of pain in the temporal and frontal parts of the head. If you intensively massage the fingers, the pain will begin to pass. It is necessary to begin the movements with a thumb, and to finish massage on a little finger. You can also massage the "neckline" zone, the back of the head, the forehead, and the temples with circular smooth movements. Massage improves blood circulation and relieves vascular spasm.

Good help with migraine facial gymnastics. It helps to relax the right muscles and relieve pain. Perform facial exercises for migraines should be as follows:

  • raise eyebrows and relax them;
  • alternately raise the left / right eyebrow and lower;
  • wrinkle your nose and then relax your nostrils;
  • yawn wide, slowly opening his mouth;
  • close your eyes and turn the apples of your eyes under your eyelids;
  • open your mouth and move your jaw;
  • twist grimaces face.

After gymnastics, you should completely relax. You can take a pill for a headache - the main thing is to stay in complete peace of mind. Well help with migraine various relaxation techniques and yoga.

If you have a headache, you can attach an ice compress or a hot water bottle to the problem part. This will help relieve the spasm. Ice eliminates the rush of blood to the head vessels and stabilizes blood flow.

Acupuncture is a technique by which many people treat migraines. The procedure must be performed by a reflexologist. Acupuncture promotes complete relaxation of the necessary areas on the human body, which eliminates headaches. Stimulation of the body with needles is an effective method of treating psycho-neurological disorders and migraines. The needle stimulates nerve impulses, the central nervous system, the production of endorphins and hormones. Acupuncture is not dangerous and brings great help to the human body, relieving nervous tension.

Hirudotherapy is a technique that is often used for hypertension and headaches. Leeches stimulate the production of blood, change its composition and improve its release of useful substances into the bloodstream. After a course of hirudotherapy, patients notice a marked improvement in health, normalization of sleep and blood pressure, stabilization of the pulse, and the disappearance of headaches.However, hirudotherapy should be used 2 times a year.

Laser treatment of migraine is carried out with the help of a special apparatus. Laser radiation neutralizes paroxysmal attack, which is caused by a local violation of the microcirculation of blood in the head vessels. The laser affects certain areas and suppresses pain. Irradiation of cervical vessels helps eliminate blood stasis and stabilize the patient's condition.

Drug therapy

Eliminating a headache during a seizure will help intake of certain medications. To do this, take:

 Drug treatment of migraine

  • agents - serotonin agonists;
  • ergot alkaloids;
  • nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
  • analgesics.

Take the pill should be at the first sign of a seizure. Directly with the development of headache take Ibuprrofen, Naproxen, Analgin. To eliminate nausea take Reglan, Metoclopramide, Domperidone. Combined Ascofen includes caffeine, which is a good painkiller. If the patient has vomiting, then a rectal suppository with an analgesic is inserted into the anus.For this purpose, you can use suppositories Voltaren.

In a situation where analgesics do not have the desired therapeutic effect, take triptans. These drugs include:

  • Zomig;
  • Suma migren;
  • Naratriptan;
  • Immigrant;
  • Ergotamine;
  • Nomigren.

To prevent an attack and stabilize blood pressure, various preventive measures are used. It is necessary to take adrenoblockers that stabilize blood pressure and prevent vasodilation. For this purpose, the doctor may also prescribe antidepressants, anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers. The following medications are used as adjunctive therapy:

  • Amitriptyline;
  • Topiramate;
  • Prozac;
  • Anaprilin;
  • Kordaflex;
  • Corinfar

The use of prophylactic medication is required to minimize. The choice of the necessary medication in the treatment of migraine should be carried out by the attending physician. For unbearable headaches, you should use the drug and folk treatment in the complex.

Folk remedies for migraine

There are several ways to reduce headaches:

  1. Attach lemon or onion slices to the temples of the head. Hold until the pain disappears.
  2. Put a cabbage leaf compress on the problem area, bandaging the head.
  3. Inhale a mixture of apple cider vinegar and water (bring the product to a boil and breathe in steam for a few minutes).
  4. Inhale aroma oil of lavender, pine, lemongrass.
  5. At the beginning of the attack to use the juice of raw potatoes.
  6. Take a bath with infusion of valerian root.
  7. Make your feet a hot mustard bath.
  8. Put a tampon soaked in the juice of raw onions or beets into your ear.

To prevent an attack and deterioration of health, it is recommended to regularly take decoctions and tinctures of medicinal herbs. Medicinal plants have long been used in the treatment of migraine. These infusions did not neglect to be treated by aristocrats and royal persons. Some effective recipes for treating migraine with herbs have survived.

Helps to get rid of headaches, spinach and dandelion. Raw materials should be mixed in equal parts, brew and drink one-third of a cup three times a day. Well help to stabilize the work of the vessels juice of blueberries, black currants and carrots.

With a migraine attack, you can take such a remedy: break a chicken egg into a glass of hot, removed from the heat and drink the resulting cocktail.

The daily use of broth mother-and-stepmother has a positive effect on the work of cerebral vessels. The plant has the desired therapeutic effect and triggers the necessary mechanisms in the body to relieve headaches. For relaxation with migraines use decoctions of valerian, lemon balm, viburnum, clover. You can take a decoction of dogwood, wild rose and rowan.

Video: treatment of a migraine attack

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