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Problems with urination and a sharp pain in the lower abdomen most often indicates a condition such as cystitis. But those who are faced with this disease do not always know what causes it and how to properly treat cystitis. But a neglected disease can give serious complications, and in pregnant women even provoke premature birth.
What is this disease - cystitis
It is important to understand that cystitis is an infectious disease, since its pathogens are various microbes and bacteria. Most often it can be E. coli, at least - staphylococcus. They enter the bladder, where inflammation begins. If cystitis is not treated, then it can give complications to the kidneys. Women are more susceptible to this disease primarily because of the anatomical structure of the urinary system.Much less often men suffer from cystitis, but, nevertheless, they also occur in them.
Types of cystitis
There are two forms of the disease - acute and chronic. Acute cystitis occurs suddenly and is characterized by painful sensations and burning sensation when urinating. Chronic cystitis is an untreated disease that occurs from time to time. The types of the disease depend on the reason for its appearance. Therefore, such types of cystitis are known as:
- infectious cystitis (bacteria entering the bladder);
- radiation cystitis (caused by radiation therapy);
- traumatic (during surgery or sexual intercourse);
- hypercalceuric (with kidney disease);
- allergic (due to allergies);
- parasitic (due to the impact of a special type of worms);
- interstitial (rare abnormal form of the disease).
Also, cystitis is divided according to the seasons. Accordingly, there is a "summer" and "winter" cystitis. In the summer, the disease can provoke an active lifestyle, such as bathing in water, climate change or the inability to urinate in time.In the cold season, cystitis often occurs due to a strong hypothermia of the body.
The complications caused by cystitis primarily concern the bladder and kidneys. There are diseases such as interstitial cystitis, that is, lesions of the mucous and muscular layer of the bladder, as well as pyelonephritis (inflammation of the kidneys).
Causes of cystitis
Women suffer from cystitis much more often than men. And the reason for this are:
- violations of the vaginal microflora;
- genital infection;
- hypothermia;
- mechanical injury;
- passive lifestyle;
- untreated venereal or gynecological diseases;
- avitaminosis and poor nutrition;
- hormonal disorders;
- pregnancy;
- surgical intervention.
There are a number of reasons, of which cystitis occurs much less frequently. These are diseases of the upper respiratory tract, constipation, weak immunity and the onset of sexual activity. How, for example, an ordinary cough or runny nose can trigger cystitis? It's very simple - pathogenic microbes can get into any organ with the help of blood circulation, and the bladder is no exception. Other reasons also contribute to the proliferation of bacteria.
In men, the disease may occur as a result of instrumental urological examination, diabetes mellitus or inflammation of the urethra. Also, cystitis often occurs in children, especially with hypothermia, a recent infection, or due to pathologies of the urinary system.
Symptoms of cystitis
The main symptom of cystitis is the constant urge to urinate. If the case is running, the interval between such urges rarely exceeds 3-5 minutes. In this case, the patient eventually ceases to control his bladder and begins to suffer from enuresis. In addition, cystitis is accompanied by fever, chills and nausea. And if blood appeared in the urine, it means that the disease has passed into a more severe stage.
The next symptom that occurs with cystitis is dysuria. In other words, urination becomes painful and difficult. Because of this, the patient may experience pain in the lower back and lower abdomen. Elderly people may also suffer from the delay of a large amount of fluid in the bladder.
How to get rid of cystitis
This disease can occur in any woman, as there are a lot of reasons for this. But it is important to conduct a full treatment, otherwise the cystitis can easily become chronic. You should definitely consult with a gynecologist and pregnant women, since in their case the disease is far from harmless. If the cystitis appeared in a man, then you should know that their seizures almost always recur.
Having found symptoms of cystitis, you should immediately go to a gynecologist or urologist. Specialists usually prescribe a series of examinations and tests. Further, cystitis must be treated. Otherwise, the symptoms will pass, and the disease itself will become chronic. Hospitalization is practically not required, but bed restraint is necessary. The doctor after the survey prescribes a specific drug (antibiotic) and additional procedures. In general, the method of treatment depends on the cause of the disease.
Most often, the doctor will prescribe Biseptol, Nolitsin or Monural. Pregnant women suffering from cystitis should take Cefuroxime or Amoxicillin, as drugs such as Biseptol or Tetracycline are contraindicated.The course of treatment rarely exceeds 5-7 days. An important condition for the rapid and successful treatment of cystitis is the lack of intimate relationships with the patient during this period. This is necessary for healthy microflora to recover as quickly as possible.
Usually for complete recovery the patient is enough to drink a course of antibiotics. But the treatment of cystitis also implies surgery. It is necessary to eliminate the causes that provoked the disease. These can be a variety of tumors, stones, dilatation of the urethra, or prostatectomy.
How to get rid of cystitis folk remedies
Treatment may also be folk remedies. One of the most effective means - parsley decoction. To do this, the leaves and the roots of the plant must be thoroughly chopped. Then pour a teaspoon of the mixture with one cup of boiling water and leave for a few hours. Usually drink it before meals.
Well helps with cystitis ordinary dill. It is also finely crumbled, poured boiling water and kept in a water bath for no more than 15 minutes. Then it is cooled and filtered. If the infusion is highly concentrated, it can be diluted with boiling water.Drink decoction is recommended 3 times a day a glass for half an hour before meals.
Well, if a patient with cystitis will take baths with the addition of medicinal herbs. Take such therapeutic baths should be every other day, and the entire course is 10-15 procedures. The most effective remedies are birch leaves, sage or pine cones (spruce). Preparing the broth is simple - chopped birch and sage (or pine cones and needles) must be poured over with boiling water. 200–300 grams of the mixture per 5 liters of water. Then leave to infuse for several hours.
What else can you do
When cystitis is detected, it is naturally necessary to urgently treat it. But as long as this treatment works, you can get rid of the symptoms of the disease and improve well-being. For this you need:
- Observe bed rest (when detecting blood in the urine, you can use a warm heating pad).
- Drink plenty of fluids, but not tea and milk. When cystitis is best to drink cranberry or blueberry fruit drinks, as well as herbal decoctions.
- Eat on a diet. In this disease, you should not eat a fatty product, canned food and pickles. Well, if it will be dairy products, fruits and vegetables.
- Saunas and baths for cystitis are contraindicated. Even rinse better with warm water with the addition of special antiseptics.
Cystitis in children
Children are more susceptible to this disease than adults. This is especially true for girls of preschool and school age. The fact is that they do not carefully observe personal hygiene, and their ovaries lack endocrine function. At the same time, it is not recommended to treat children in the same way as adults.
First, some drugs are too strong for a young body. Secondly, the dosage of even “harmless” drugs should be reduced. Therefore, it is better to carry out the treatment based on the opinion of the doctor. Prior to this, parents can only alleviate the child’s condition with the help of bed rest, proper nutrition, and heavy drinking.
Measures for the prevention of cystitis
It doesn’t matter if there were episodes of cystitis earlier or not. Nobody canceled preventive measures. Therefore, in order not to put your body at risk, you must:
- Drink lots of water. In practice, this should be at least 7-8 glasses per day. In this case, you should not drink tea or coffee, but clean water.
- If the cystitis has become chronic for a long time, then the regularity of the exacerbation of the disease with the use of spicy food, alcohol, changes in sexual life, etc. should be traced.
- It is better if the underwear is made of cotton fabric. Synthetics creates additional moisture, and this contributes to the proliferation of bacteria.
- It is also important to maintain hygiene during menstruation, since blood is also a great environment for germs.
- In no case should not allow hypothermia.
- It is best to stop using soap or deodorants for intimate hygiene, as well as scented toilet paper.
- You need to carefully monitor what food can trigger the onset of cystitis. It is spicy, pickled or fried food, as well as alcohol and carbonated drinks. But anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties have such products as carrots, beets, cranberries, cranberries and celery.
In addition, there is drug prevention. It is necessary in order to prevent the exacerbation of the disease. The doctor may prescribe the following remedies:
- immunopreparations;
- probiotics;
- intravesical instillations;
- herbal medicine.
Antibacterial prophylaxis will not be superfluous. This method is used in extreme cases only if other methods do not bring the proper result. In addition, long-term use of antibiotics may be accompanied by various side effects. Usually prevention is carried out in two ways - the use of drugs each time after sexual intercourse or their use at night to prevent seasonal exacerbations.
Prevention of cystitis is necessary to prevent the occurrence of the disease. But often this is remembered when the first symptoms have already appeared and you have to go to the doctor. In this case, it is necessary to take the treatment seriously, making it complex. It should be understood that the first attack of cystitis can recur in the future and for this you need only a slight overcooling, etc. Therefore, do not delay with treatment.
Video: treatment of cystitis in women at home
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