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Sinusitis is an inflammation of the maxillary sinuses, which are located on both sides of the nose. Sinusitis and often called frontitis, as well as inflammation of the other sinuses. The disease is quite common, occurs in acute or chronic form. Often for the treatment of sinusitis using such a technique as a puncture. In the process of manipulation, mucus and purulent discharges are pumped out of the inflamed sinuses. The procedure is quite painful and, frankly, very doubtful. In the practice of European countries, this method of treatment has long been in the past, injection into the maxillary sinuses is practically not carried out, only in those rare cases when you need to take mucus for analysis. But unfortunately, puncture is still actively practiced in the post-Soviet space.In this article, you will learn about sinus in more detail, as well as be able to familiarize yourself with the main ways of treating sinusitis without punctures.
Symptoms of sinusitis
Despite the fact that every second person has had a disease at least once in their life, it is rather difficult to suffer. As a rule, it all starts with the banal nasal congestion. A bacterial infection develops very quickly, within a few days after the onset of the disease, thick, opaque, yellow or green mucus can start to stand out from the nose in a person. In the sinuses accumulates a huge amount of purulent mucus, which is constantly flowing from the nose. Malicious bacteria that actively proliferate in this mucus, produce toxins that enter the blood. Due to this, the person's general condition worsens - the patient feels weak and unwell. Prolonged nasal congestion leads to oxygen starvation of the brain and, as a result, frequent headaches. Sometimes the inflammation reaches such strength that the affected sinus becomes noticeable to the naked eye - the area on both sides of the nose becomes red, swollen, pain is felt when pressed.
Along with the main symptoms, a person may suffer from high fever, photophobia, decrease in smell. So the acute antritis proceeds. In the case of a chronic form of the disease, the patient quickly gets tired, he is often tormented by nasal congestion and mucus flow, and headaches occur in the evening. I would also like to note that sinusitis can be the result of allergic rhinitis, when mucus for a long time does not find a way out of the sinuses and stagnates in them. This is an excellent food for bacteria, they begin to multiply actively in this cavity. For allergic and vasomotor (from medications) rhinitis is characterized by a special itch, the disease in this case often goes in waves - with alternating remissions and relapses.
Causes of sinusitis
Sinusitis can be an independent disease or a complication of the usual under-treated rhinitis. Here are some factors that can trigger the development of sinusitis in children and adults.
Frequent viral diseases that are being treated improperly. Sinusitis and stagnation of mucus in the nose in children often occurs because of the inability to show off, so children need to clean the nose with an aspirator.
Congestive mucus in the sinuses may be due to prolonged allergic rhinitis.
Various polyps and tumors in the nasal passages can prevent the release of mucus and pus, which further aggravates the course of the disease.
Frequent respiratory diseases lead to a decrease in the immunity of the child, the risk of developing sinusitis in this case increases dramatically.
Adenoid s children and a curved septum leads to a constant nasal congestion, which is a trigger for the development of sinusitis.
Sometimes the cause of the development of sinusitis becomes the focus of infection in neighboring organs. It can be carious cavities in the teeth, chronic sore throats and tonsillitis.
In most cases, sinusitis is a complication of the head cold, when a simple symptom is not treated or it is done incorrectly. If you have already developed sinusitis, do not despair. The disease can be completely cured without punctures and other painful manipulations.
Drug treatment of sinusitis
As a rule, the causative agent of sinusitis is a bacterium that cannot be defeated without antibiotic therapy. Therefore, taking antibiotics for sinus is mandatory.Even the active use of local procedures in the form of washing, drops and inhalations will not help you get rid of the disease completely. You can suppress the disease for a while, but after some period it becomes active again. Therefore, it is better to use antibiotics. Only a doctor should prescribe them. For children, there are special suspensions. Antibiotics need to be taken 5-7 days, not less, otherwise the disease does not suppress completely. In addition, the early withdrawal of the drug can lead to the fact that the bacteria become resistant against this antibiotic, the next time the medicine may not help. Drugs in this group should be taken strictly according to the scheme, at regular intervals. Among the most popular and effective antibiotics against antritis is Augmentin, Azithromycin, Ceftriaxone, Ampioks, etc.
Together with antibiotics, probiotics must be prescribed that will protect the intestinal microflora from dysbiosis, diarrhea and constipation. In this group of drugs can be identified such as Enterohermina, Linex, Hilak Forte, Bifidumbacterin, etc.
When antritis is necessarily prescribed antihistamines - Zodak, Diazolin, Zyrtec, Suprastin.Even if the nature of antritis is not allergic, antihistamines will help you to slightly remove mucosal edema and open nasal breathing.
Be sure to prescribe various drops and sprays in the nose, which we will talk about later. If there are other symptoms, antipyretic agents, painkillers, etc. may be prescribed to the patient.
Nose wash
To get rid of the main symptoms of sinusitis, should be removed from the sinuses stagnant mucus, get rid of pus. This can only be done by washing. The most effective way to clean the sinuses - is to go to the office to the ENT and do the washing according to Proets, in the common people - the cuckoo. A special apparatus using a vacuum pulls out all the stagnant mucus from the nose, along with purulent secretions. Then in one nostril with the help of a syringe without a needle an antibacterial composition is injected, which is drawn out of the second nostril with a tube. That is, the medicinal fluid as it washes out the sinuses, significantly reducing the activity of bacteria and relieving inflammation. During the procedure, you need to say "Ku-ku." During the pronunciation of this phrase, the larynx is located so that the liquid does not enter the mouth, but flows in the right direction.Patients with sinusitis admit that relief comes after the first cuckoo procedures. Recently, instead of the cuckoo, they began to use the YAMIK-catheter, the principle of which differs little from the original source.
If washing in the doctor's office is not available to you, you can perform the procedure at home. However, remember that such washing will not be as effective. For the procedure you will need a small kettle with a rounded spout. It should take warm saline water and bring the nose to the nostril, bending over the sink. Carefully tilt your head to the side so that the water starts to flow into the nostril and flow out of the opposite nostril. This will allow to moisturize the mucous membrane of the nasal passages and clean it from bacteria, viruses and allergens.
You can do the washing with a syringe, you can simply draw in the liquid of one nostril. As a solution, you can use more serious compounds - add to the water chlorophyllipt, furatsilin, baking soda. It is very useful to wash the nose with decoctions of herbs - plantain, chamomile, calendula, nettle. Children do washing with saline or slightly salted water,dripping liquid into the spout with the pipette. After instillation, the mucus is liquefied, it becomes easier to pull it out with an aspirator.
Nasal drops
The use of various drops for the nose, both pharmacy and home, gives a real result, significantly speeding up the healing process.
- Vasoconstrictor agents. Such sprays and drops perfectly nasal breathing, but they can not be used for more than five days. Otherwise, the vessels will no longer narrow and expand independently, this can lead to vasomotor rhinitis and "naphthyzin" dependence. Among the vasoconstrictor can be distinguished Otrivin, Naphthyzinum, Sanorin, Tizin, Xylen, etc. If a runny nose allergic nature, Vibrocyl helps a lot - relieves itching and swelling.
- Antibacterial drops. To suppress the development of bacteria in the sinus cavity will help potent drops with antibiotics. Isofra, Bioparox and Polydex are very effective. Often, doctors prescribe against antritis drops for the ear Sofradeks. It is very useful to drip in the nose antimicrobial agent Protorgol. However, remember that the tool is perishable, Protorgol is effective about two weeks after the date of bottling.
- Hormonal. As a rule, hormonal drops are used in the fight against allergic rhinitis, however, recently, hormonal drops are prescribed for sinus, to relieve swelling of the mucous membrane. Among them are Nazonex, Fliksonaze, Avamis. Sometimes doctors prescribe complex drops, which include hormonal and antimicrobial components. For example, one of the most effective and common recipes is to mix the ampoule of the hormonal preparation Hydrocartisone, a bottle of antimicrobial drops for eyes, Tsiprolet and the ampoule of saline in a small sterile container. All mix and drip with a pipette into the nose in the morning and evening after cleansing from mucus. Such drops will help you to cope even with the most difficult sinusitis.
- Moisturizers. Be sure to use a variety of salt formulations and sprays that will help you moisturize and wash the mucous membranes - Dolphin, Aquamaris, etc. The oil preparation Pinosol will help relieve dryness after using vasoconstrictor agents. Snoop contains not only Xylometazoline, but also sea water, which makes the spray not so aggressive. Lubricate the nasal mucosa using sea buckthorn and almond oil.
- Folk. In the fight against antritis, homemade drops are also actively used. Among them are juice of garlic and onions, Kalanchoe and aloe, black radish juice with honey.
In addition, you must drink the medicine Sinupret. It is a herbal preparation that greatly facilitates nasal breathing, relieves rhinitis and sinusitis.
To drip into the child's nose medication should be on the scheme. First sea water or saline to liquefy mucus. Then the mucus needs to be sucked out with an aspirator, instilled with vasoconstrictor agents, and only after this, when the aisles are open, can you drip drops with an antibiotic or antimicrobial compounds. Otherwise, the medicine will not reach its destination, the effect will be zero. The procedure must be alternated with the instillation of oil so that the mucous membrane of the baby’s nose does not dry out.
Inhalation
To speed up the process of recovery, the patient may be prescribed various inhalations. They are quite effective, because the particles of the drug fall directly on the mucous membrane of the nose and maxillary sinuses. It is very useful to make inhalations using a nebulizer - the result is professional, because the device turns the medicinal solution into the smallest particles. Breathing with a cold should be nose, and when coughing - mouth.If the nebulizer is not at hand, it does not matter - use an ordinary basin. As a medicinal solution, you can use medicinal herbs decoctions, antiseptic compositions. It is useful to add some Asterisk balm to the water. It has a lot of essential oils, including mint, which perfectly eliminates nasal congestion.
Warming up and physiotherapy
To prevent the development of sinusitis, should be supported by immunity - harden,follow the rules of healthy eating, move more. Get rid of caries and other foci of infection in the mouth and throat. Promptly and correctly treat a runny nose and ARVI. If a runny nose does not go beyond 10 days, do not pull, be sure to consult a doctor. And then sinusitis will not bother you!
Video: treatment of sinusitis without a puncture
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